The National Nutrition InstituteBulletin of the National Nutrition Institute of the Arab Republic of Egypt1110-097459120220601Effect of Dietary intervention by Dry Pomegranate (Punica Granatum L) Powder on some biochemical factors in Mild Cardio Vascular Disease Patients12824434610.21608/bnni.2022.244346ENMohammed GamalMoustafaNutrition and Food Science Department, Faculty of Specific Education. Fayoum University, EgyptNoha S.AhmedNutrition and Food Science Department, Faculty of Specific Education. Fayoum University, EgyptSalem AliSalemNutrition and Food Science Department, Faculty of Specific Education. Fayoum University, EgyptJournal Article20220616<em>This study aimed to examine the effect of dry pomegranate (Punica Granatum) (DPG) intervention on biochemical parameters in mild cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients. Sixty adult males > 45 years suffering from mild CVD were selected from the outpatient clinic of the cardiopulmonary department in El-Fayoum General Hospital in El-Fayoum city. The patients were divided randomly into two equal groups (A&B 30 patients/ group): Group A (Control group); who had received a placebo for 8 weeks. Group B (Study group); supplemented with 50g of dry pomegranates daily for the same period. Mean daily nutrient intake using 24 Hours recall, anthropometric measurements [body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR), arm circumference (AC)], blood pressure, and heart rate were assessed. Blood analysis for lipid profiles and malondialdehyde (MDA) and some antioxidants “Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Glutathione (GSH), Catalase enzyme (CAT), and ascorbic acid (VIT C)” were determined for both groups before and after treatment. Results showed that in the control group, there were no significant differences in all parameters measurements before and after supplementation. In-group B, there were significant differences in the mean values of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, cholesterol, MDA, SOD, CAT, and VIT C compared to pre-post supplementation values. There were no significant differences in the mean values of AC, WHR, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol LDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol HDL-C, and GSH post-intervention. The study concluded that dry pomegranate could be used for the prevention of lipid peroxidation and to enhance antioxidant status in patients.</em>https://bnni.journals.ekb.eg/article_244346_c3102493b971d574407d6d82080b5bef.pdfThe National Nutrition InstituteBulletin of the National Nutrition Institute of the Arab Republic of Egypt1110-097459120220601Empirical Effect of Nutritional Awareness and Calciferol Supplementation in Renal Patients295424434810.21608/bnni.2022.244348ENFatma K.A. HamidClinical lab unit, National Nutrition Institute, Cairo, EgyptMona A.MohamedBiochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, EgyptHanaa HElsayedFood chemistry and metabolism department- National Nutrition Institute( NNI)0000-0003-0443-0940Nehad R.IbrahimNational Institute of Urology and Nephrology, Cairo, EgyptGhadir M.H. ElsawyNational Institute of Urology and Nephrology, Cairo, EgyptNaglaa M.Abd ElfattahGrowth and Nutrition Requirements Department National Nutrition Institute, Cairo, EgyptEntsar M.AhmadBiochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20220616<em>Vitamin D (calciferol) insufficiency has been linked to the progress of renal disease. Some variables, such as dietary status and sunshine exposure, contribute to vitamin D deficiency. The target of the research was to set the nutritional and vitamin D status of chronic kidney disease CKD patients before and after three months of dietary awareness, sun exposure, and calciferol supplementation. From January 2019 to July 2020, 60 males (45-55 years old) were randomly recruited from the National Institute of Urology and Nephrology's outpatient clinic in Cairo, Egypt. Stages 3–5 of CKD are used to categorize patients. All of the participants were divided into two groups: control and CKD. For all individuals, the assessment covered nutritional consumption, including the 24-hours recall questionnaire, anthropometric measurements, and will specific biochemical assays. According to the findings, CKD patients consumed more calories and were obese, as measured by their body mass index (BMI). The average daily protein consumption was higher than the recommended daily intake (RDI). Except for sodium being the highest, the average mineral consumption was within RDI, whereas vitamin D intake was less than 10% of RDI. CKD group's energy levels dropped from 95.4 % to 82.8 % of RDI, protein vitamin C, and fiber intake increased after three months of treatments. While sodium levels remained within the RDI, biochemical examination revealed significant improvements in vitamin D, PTH, creatinine, and urea levels. Eventually, both nutritional intervention and vitamin D supplementation improved CKD stages from stage 3 or 5 to stage 2.</em>https://bnni.journals.ekb.eg/article_244348_2fc7f48fe3f14d6e6fba395f35daeed0.pdfThe National Nutrition InstituteBulletin of the National Nutrition Institute of the Arab Republic of Egypt1110-097459120220601Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Zinc Supplementation and Stunting in Children under 5 years of age558324522510.21608/bnni.2022.245225ENGihan FouadAhmadNational Nutrition Institute- Cairo - EgyptHanaa SabryAhmedHarvard Medical School Associate - Cairo- EgyptEnas SayedAbbasClinical Nutrition Department- National Nutrition Institute- Cairo - EgyptJournal Article20220621<em>The prevalence of zinc deficiency is 28 % of stunted Egyptian children. Therefore, this study was done to determine whether zinc supplementation strategy is feasible and effective for reducing growth retardation at national level.<strong> </strong>We conducted literature searches of electronic databases of the international standard randomized control trial number register that reported on the effect of zinc supplementation in infants or children below 5 years old. The findings were pooled using random effects meta-analysis; we followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Guidelines during all stages of implementation, analysis, and reporting of these meta-analyses after testing of homogeneity. The final fifty four randomized controlled trials included in the meta-analysis showed the zinc supplementation had a greater effect on height and Height for age z-score in children compared with infants (P-interaction = 0.002 and 0.06, respectively). Among children aged ≥2 years, zinc increased height (N = 7 trials; WMD = 1.37 cm, 95%CI: 0.50–2.25) and, height for age z-score (N = 6 trials; WMD = 0.12, 95%CI: 0.05–0.19). Zinc supplementation significantly increased height (N = 40 trials, WMD = 0.23 cm, 95%CI: 0.09–0.38; I2 = 66.9%) showed 28 of 40 studies (70%) had a positive effect of zinc supplementation among children aged < 5 years old on height in randomized controlled trials and, ten of them were statistically significant. Oral zinc supplementation among children aged from 2-5 years is recommended. However, further studies are needed</em>https://bnni.journals.ekb.eg/article_245225_b166f512fd1400320520e4e211edb104.pdfThe National Nutrition InstituteBulletin of the National Nutrition Institute of the Arab Republic of Egypt1110-097459120220601Effect of Beliefs and Habits for Family on Infant Feeding8410424566310.21608/bnni.2022.245663ENHamida AhmedHelalNutrition and Food science Dep., Faculty of Home Economics, Menoufia University-EgyptNehad REl-TahanNutrition and Food science Dep., Faculty of Home Economics, Menoufia University-EgyptAfaf A.TawfikField Studies and Research Department -National Nutrition Institute, Cairo, EgyptSalwa MSalehField Studies and Research Department -National Nutrition Institute, Cairo, EgyptMohamed A.El-AfifyField Studies and Research Department -National Nutrition Institute, Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20220623<em>Poor dietary habits established during childhood might persist into adulthood, increasing the risk of developing malnutrition-related complications such as Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, underweight, and obesity. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of beliefs and habits of the family on child feeding for 138 children whose ages were 6-24-month-old, their mothers attending the National Institute of Nutrition in the educational kitchen. Data for the research was collected through a questionnaire. The infant was fed on complimentary meals for 6 months the weight, height, and hemoglobin levels were determined before and after feeding. It was found that 63% gave birth by cesarean section, and 43% of the sample had knowledge about breastfeeding from their relatives. About half of the sample (42%) started breastfeeding immediately after birth, while (72. 6%) of mothers used flued breastfeeding and supplied another source of fluid by grandmother encouragement. The results showed that 65.2% did not know the benefits of colostrum milk. The impact of the daily meals (NNI diet) after 6 months showed that it could be noticed that the macronutrients were increased after eating complimentary meals than they were before except carbohydrates level was decreased with complimentary meals.</em>https://bnni.journals.ekb.eg/article_245663_f2e1b61d324501a71ddfda851df97f94.pdfThe National Nutrition InstituteBulletin of the National Nutrition Institute of the Arab Republic of Egypt1110-097459120220601Study of the Physiochemical, Sensorial, Microbiological, and Antioxidant Properties of Probiotic-Fortified Turnip Juice During Storage10512725109810.21608/bnni.2022.251098ENHanan S.ShalabyFood Sci. Dept., Fac. Agric., (Rural Home Econ.), Zagazig Univ., Zagazig , EgyptAlaa S.MohamedDepartment of Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig Egypt;Journal Article20220725<em>Flavonoids, carotenoids, antioxidants, and vitamins C and E are abundant in turnips. To evaluate their functional properties, turnip juice was subjected to chemical, physicochemical, sensory, and microbiological tests with the addition of probiotic bacteria, and with/without adding the banana juice with 5, 10, and 15% during storage periods (1, 7, and 14 days) at the refrigerator temperature (4°C). The turnip juice control is with probiotic bacteria without banana juice. The results showed that the total sugar level increased following adding banana juice but dropped with longer storage times. The protein level in turnip juice with or without banana and probiotics increased over a long time. 100 ml samples of the control and all types contained ranging between 17–21 mg of vitamin C. With more additional banana juice and longer storage periods, the folate in all types of juices decreased with11% more than in control juice. With a longer storage time and more acidity, the probiotic juice with 15% banana juice has a standard color. Sensory assessments in all products were acceptable. Flavonoids and phenolic compounds are rich in turnip juice probiotics. A microbiological examination revealed that the bacteria total count increased when added 10% or 15% of banana juice after 14 days. In conclusion, combining turnip juice and banana juice can accelerate the development of probiotics and increase their nutritional value and health benefits. Thus, the creation of commercial juices should promote the use of probiotics in products.</em>https://bnni.journals.ekb.eg/article_251098_8f8e17bb5cc1b879360564d1af333b67.pdfThe National Nutrition InstituteBulletin of the National Nutrition Institute of the Arab Republic of Egypt1110-097459120220601Chemical and biological evaluation of fortified biscuits with different concentrations of zinc or selenium12815324791710.21608/bnni.2022.247917ENAsmaa EMostafaDepartment of Studies and Field Research, National Nutrition Institute, Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20220704<em>Biscuits are a favorite snack among the younger generation. Biscuits fortified with zinc (Zn) or selenium (Se) may help to avoid several diseases that are common in developing countries. The goals of this research were to determine the chemical makeup of reinforced biscuits and to see how different fortified biscuit samples affected feed intake, body weight, feed efficiency ratio, serum lipids profile, liver, kidney functions, and immunity. </em><em>Forty </em><em>male albino rats have been separated into eight groups: group (1) was a negative control; group (2) was fed a diet containing control biscuits without fortified; and the other groups have been fed biscuits fortified with 10, 15, and 20 mg of zinc or selenium for 28 days. The results </em><em>showed that </em><em>rats fed on</em><em> selenium or zinc</em><em> biscuits had a higher </em><em>feed efficiency ratio </em><em>(FER) (P ≤0.05) than the control groups. </em><em>Adding zinc </em><em>or </em><em>selenium led to significantly improved serum liver, kidney functions, and lipid profile </em><em>especially at the levels of 10 and 15% when compared with a control group. Biochemical indicators were affected more by selenium levels than zinc levels. </em><em>As a result, zinc and selenium are essential minerals that must be added to food or taken as dietary supplements to fulfill their crucial functions.</em>https://bnni.journals.ekb.eg/article_247917_b50362011dfc14726bd196f9a8c0804b.pdfThe National Nutrition InstituteBulletin of the National Nutrition Institute of the Arab Republic of Egypt1110-097459120220601Effect of Dietary Pattern on the Presence of Iron Deficiency Anemia among Adolescent Girls15418025284410.21608/bnni.2022.252844ENAmina S.SolimanNational Institute of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Cairo, Egypt.Ayat IGhanemNational Nutrition Institute, Cairo, Egypt.El-Sayed MHammadNational Nutrition Institute, Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20220803<em>Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) affects the vast majority of individuals worldwide. It appears that teenage girls are also more likely to have IDA. This study sought to determine the impact of dietary habits and patterns on teenage girls' iron deficiency anemia. 100 teenage females between the ages of 12 and 18 were the subjects of case-control research. Outpatient clinics were used to identify the 50 anemic cases and the 50 non-anemic controls. 68 percent of anemic people and 80 percent of non-anemic people, respectively, had a Z score between +1 and -2. For their age and sex, more than half of anemic and non-anemic girls had normal BMIs (50.8 percent & 52.5 percent respectively). Comparatively to non-anemic patients, anemic subjects have lower socioeconomic status. Females who were not anemic performed better academically than anemic girls, with significant differences. Girls who were anemic had poorer nutritional habits than non-anemic girls. Females with anemia had more parasites than girls who weren't anemic (64 percent & 34 percent respectively). When compared to non-anemic controls, anemic individuals typically have reduced intakes of calories, and macronutrients, particularly protein and fat, iron, and vitamin C. About 62 and 40 percent, respectively, of anemic girls, drank tea and coffee every day. Last but not least, poor eating habits contributed to the development of IDA. The majority of teenage females consumed inadequate calcium. Adolescent females, especially anemic ones, were strongly advised to receive nutritional instruction.</em><br /><em> </em>https://bnni.journals.ekb.eg/article_252844_fe2d0b5ddb66d92c1de9a6ed349a4f71.pdf